Everybody sleeps,but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture.From data collected,it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep,on average,are sporting events,time changes,and holidays. 

　　Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26. 

　　Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 am. 

　　Russians also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives. 

　　Similarly, Americans’ late nights late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends. 

　　Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球）final.

　　The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺）, The worst night for sleep in the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to 　　　　Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup. 

　　It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their 四级仔细阅读真题解析Everybody sleeps,but what people stay up latesleep patterns, in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking, If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?

 

61. What does the author say about people’s sleeping habits? 

A) They are culture-related C)They change with the seasons. 

B) They affect people’s health. D)They vary from person to person. 

62.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep? 

A) They don’t fall asleep until very late. 

B) They don’t sleep much on weekends. 

C) They get less sleep on public holidays. 

D) They sleep longer than people elsewhere. 

63.What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleep? 

A) The daylight savings time. 

B) The colorful night life. 

C) The World Cup. 

D) The summertime. 

64.What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their patterns? 

A) They have trouble falling asleep. 

B) They want to get sufficient sleep. 

C) They are involved in a sleep research. 

D) They want to go to bed on regular hours. 

65. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? 

A) Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health. 

B) Few people really know the importance of sleep. 

C) It is important to study our sleep patterns. 

D) Average people probably sleep less than the rich.

参考答案及解析

　　61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies by culture”，所以答案选A——They are culture-related。

　　62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day”这一句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much on holidays。

　　63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’ loss定位到倒数第二段的“compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup”，原文的Germans， Italians， and the French就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch the Cup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。

 

　　64题，问的是富有的人使用设备来记录他们的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其原因。按照四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person”，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——They want to get sufficient sleep。

 

　　65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的观点，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year， how much sleep are the rest of us losing？ 作者提到了health-conscious，人们对健康的意识是缺乏的，对健康是视而不见的，所以答案选B——Few people really know the importance of sleep。